英语四级语法基础知识:非谓语动词(1)

2014-07-04 15:53:05来源:网络

英语四级语法基础知识:

Ⅱ 非谓语动词

不定式

形式:主动形式、被动形式

一般式 to do to be done

完成式 to have done to have been done

进行式 to be doing

完成进行式 to have been doing

完成式:不定式的一般形式所表示的动作,通常与主要谓语表示的动作(状态)同时(或几乎同时)发生,或是在它之后发生。假如不定式所表示的动作,在谓语所表示的动作(状态)之前发生,就要用不定式的完成式。

I am glad to have seen your mother (= I am glad I have seen your mother).

(比较: I am glad to see you.)

He is said to have written a new book about workers.

He pretended not to have seen me.

进行式:如果主要谓语表示的动作(状态)发生时,不定式表示的动作正在进行,这时要用不定式的进行式。

You are not supposed to be working. You haven't quite recovered yet.

We didn't expect you to be waiting for us here.

He pretended to be listening attentively.

完成进行式:在谓语所表示的时间之前一直进行的动作,就要用不定式的完成进行式。

The struggle was known to have been going for twenty years.

We are happy to have been working with you.


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