2016年12月英语四级阅读选词填空练习及答案(9)

　　Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.

　　The festive break is fast becoming a distant memory and for many, New Year fitness regimes are too. Despite2.6m people starting diets on New Year's Day, research suggests that by the end of the week 92 percent of dieters gave up, (36) exercise and gorging on comfort food.

　　Findings(37) by weightloss firm XLS-Medical, suggest that the (38) majority are unsuccessful at sticking to their diets for more than five days a week. Two out of l0 dieters (39) they have their first diet relapse (退步) just four to five days in, with hunger cited as the main cause. Boredom and alcohol were (40) blamed for people failing to keep their health kick on track.

　　Dr. Matt Capehorn, Clinical Director of the National Obesity Forum, (41) that just one day off from dieting can undo a week's worth of hard work. He told Female First: "A healthy diet, aimed at losing llb per week, relies on saving 3500 calories a week by having 500 calories less each day." "A day off the diet should mean that you eat the correct amount, but many dieters see it as an excuse to binge (大吃大喝 ) and have thousands of calories more than they need. "

　　The results suggest that a (42) 590,000 could already have (43) to stick to New Year diet resolutions.

　　And a vast majority are unaware of the negative impact a single day off can have on their weight loss efforts.

　　Yet (44) it was found only 5 percent of women stick to their diets until they've (45) their target weight.

　　A.massive

　　B.reached

　　C.highlighted

　　D.blamed

　　E.shunning

　　F.still

　　G.released

　　H.lost

　　I.also

　　J.admitted

　　K.treated

　　L.dieted

　　M.overall

　　N .vast

　　O.failed

　　【答案解析】

　　36.E

　　语法判断：exercise后是and，而and前后应为并列结构(又称平行结构)，因为and后为gorging on comfortfood，所以前面也应当是现在分词短语，因此应填入现在分词。备选项中只有shunning是现在分词，因此答案很明确。

　　语义判断：shun：(故意或习惯地)避免;回避，躲开。从语义上判断也是正确的。

　　37.G

　　语法判断：此处应为定语来修饰fmdings，后为by，而过去分词既表示被动又可用作后置宾语，所以此处应填入过去分词。

　　语义判断：备选的过去分词或过去式有reached、highlighted、blamed、released、lost、admitted、 treated、dieted、failed，但从上下文语义判断，意思应为：由减重中心XLS医院发布的调查或研究结果，所以应选择released。

　　38.N

　　语法判断：空格前的the是冠词，空格后的majority是名词，因此应当填入定语。

　　语义判断：符合语法条件的词有很多：massive、reached、highlighted、blamed、lost、admitted、 treated、dieted、overall、vast、failed，而avastmajority是个近乎固定的搭配，意为“大多数”，故本题选 N。

　　39.J

　　语法判断：此句缺谓语，后接一个省略了that的宾语从句。可作谓语的选项有reached、highlighted、blamed、lost、admitted、treated、dieted、failed，根据文章，可知只有admitted符合。

　　语义判断：该句意为：五分之一的节食减肥者承认自己在第四五天的时候就坚持不住了。

　　40.I

　　语法判断：此句主、谓、宾都不缺，而空格出现在were和blamed之间，所以应为状语，因而应填入副词。

　　语义判断：备选的副词有still、also和overall，上文提到了饥饿是人们放弃减肥的原因之一，而此处提到单调乏味和酒精的刺激也是让人们放弃减肥的原因，因而从语义上判断，只有also符合上下文意。

　　41.C

　　语法判断：此句缺谓语，应填入动词，其后接宾语从句。

　　语义判断：备选的动词有reached、highlighted、blamed、lost、treated、dieted、failed，但从上下文语义判断，此处意思应为：国家肥胖论坛医疗主任马特·凯普霍恩博士强调说，仅仅一天不坚持节食就会毁掉一周的努力。highlighted符合此处语法和语义的要求。

　　42.A

　　语法判断：a和590，000之间应该是形容词。

　　语义判断：备选的形容词还有massive和overall，从上下文语义判断massive应为正确选择。

　　43.O

　　语法判断：could already have后应为过去分词。

　　语义判断：备选的过去分词有reached、blamed、lost、treated、dieted、failed。从上下文语义判断，此处的意思应为：调查结果显示，有多达59万人可能已经放弃了新年减肥计划。因而failed是语法判断和语义判断后的最佳选择。

　　44.M

　　语法判断：此句主、谓、宾完整，应填入副词。

　　语义判断：备选的副词还有still和overall。overall意为“总体上，总的来说”，符合此处的语法和语义要求。

　　45.B

　　语法判断：空格前面是they’ve，故后面应接过去分词。

　　语义判断：空格后为targetweight(目标体重)，故按照语义和固定的搭配来进行判断，应为reached，即“达到目标体重”。