2017年12月英语四级语法详解：同位语从句

　　新东方在线英语四级频道为大家整理了英语四级中常见的语法结构，一起来看看吧!

　　同位语从句

　　同位语从句用于对前面的名词作进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容。同位语从句一般由that引导，但也可以由whether以及连接代词和连接副词引导。

　　A 同位语从句一般跟在名词的后面

　　同位语从句一般跟在名词fact, hope, idea, news, doubt, suggestion, information, opinion, decision, discovery, truth, promise, statement28, problem, rule等后面。

　　They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.

　　对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。

　　Where did you get the idea that I could not come?

　　你在哪儿听说我不能来?

　　We haven't yet settled29 the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.

　　到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。

　　There is no doubt that we will win.

　　毫无疑问我们会赢的。

　　当含有同位语从句的主句谓语部分过短时，可以把谓语动词提前，使同位语从句与名词隔开，以避免头重脚轻的现象。

　　Word came that Mr President would come and inspect30 our school himself.

　　有消息说总统先生将亲自来视察我们学校。

　　B 使用虚拟语气的同位语从句

　　在一些表示“建议、命令、要求”的名词后的同位语从句中，谓语动词用"should + 动词原形"，should可省略。

　　This is our only request that this (should) be settled as soon as possible.

　　尽快解决这个问题，这是我们惟一的请求。

　　He made the suggestion that we (should) go by train.

　　他建议我们坐火车去。 1.Can you make sure____the gold ring?(MET'90)

　　A.where Alice had put　B.where had Alice put

　　C.where Alice has put　D.where has Alice put

　　选C.在宾语从句中，须用陈述句自然语序(即疑问词+主语+谓语)。主句是现在时，从句也亦用相应 的一类时态，现在完成时。

　　2.These photographs will show you____(MET'89)

　　A.what does out village look like　B.what our village looks likeC.how

　　does our village look like　D.how our village looks like

　　选B."show"后面接一个宾语从句，A，C语序不合，D答案中的how是副词，不能作like的宾语。

　　3.They want to know____do to help us.(MET'88)

　　A.what can they B.what they can C.how they can D.how can they

　　选B.know后面接一个宾语从句，A，D语序不合，C答案中的how是副词，不能作do的宾语。

　　4.They have no idea at all____.(MET'87)

　　A.where he has gone　B.where did he go

　　C.which place has he gone　D.where has he gone

　　选A.根据宾语从句语序。

　　5.Can you tell me____?(85年)

　　A.Who is that gentleman　B.that gentleman is who

　　C.who that gentleman is　D.whom is that ge ntleman

　　选C.在宾语从句中that gentleman作主语，who作表语。

　　6.The old gentleman never fails to help____is in need of help.

　　A.whom B.who Cwhoever D.whomever

　　选C.whoever=anyone who。如：

　　(1)You may do whatever(anything that) you like.

　　(2)Return the book to whosever(anyone whose)name is on it.

　　(3)You had better see the men for yourself and choose whichever(any one of them that) you like.

　　7.____comes back first is supposed to win the prize.

　　A.Those who B.Anyone C.Whoever D.The one who

　　选C.Whoever=anyone who。A主谓不一致，B句子结构不正确，D无让步意味。

　　8.The news____we had won in the match excited us all.

　　A.that B.where C.which D.X

　　选A.We had won in the match就是the news 的具体内容，同位语从句中的连词that，尽管不作任何成份，但不能省去。