2017年12月英语四级阅读题型讲解：是非题

　　Psychologist George Spilich and colleagues atWashington College in Chestertown，Maryland’decided to find out whether?as manysmokers say* smoking helps them to -think andconcentrate”. Spilich put young non-smokers,activesmokers and smokers deprived (被 IN 夺)ofcigarettes through a series tests.

　　In the first test,each subject (试验对象)sat before a computer screen and pressed a key assoon as he or she recognized a target letter among a grouping of 96. In this simple test，smokers，deprived smokers and non-smokers performed equally well.

　　The next test was more complex,requiring all to scan sequences of 20 identical lettersand respond the instant one of the letters transformed into a different one. Non-smokerswere faster, but under the stimulation of nicotine (尼古丁)，active smokers were faster thandeprived smokers.

　　In the third test of short-term memory?non-smokers made the fewest errors，but deprivedsmokers committed fewer errors than active smokers.

　　The fourth test required people to read a passage* then answer questions about it. Non-smokers remembered 19 percent more of the most important information than activesmokers，and deprived smokers bested those who had smoked a cigarette just before testing. Active smokers tended not only to have poorer memories,but also had trouble separatingimportant information from insignificant details.

　　“As our tests became more complex,” sums up Spilich，-non-smokers performed betterthan smokers by wider and wider margins”. He predicts? “smokers might perform adequatelyat many jobs until they got complicated. A smoking airline pilot could fly adequately if noproblems arose but if something went wrong,smoking might damage his mental capacity. ”

　　2- Which of the following statements is true?

　　A. Active smokers in general performed better than deprived smokers.

　　B. Active smokers responded more quickly than the other subjects.

　　C. Non-smokers were not better than other subjects in performing simple tasks.

　　D. Deprived smokers gave the slowest responses to the various tasks.

　　Psychologist George Spilich and colleagues atWashington College in Chestertown，Maryland’decided to find out whether?as manysmokers say* smoking helps them to -think andconcentrate”. Spilich put young non-smokers,activesmokers and smokers deprived (被 IN 夺)ofcigarettes through a series tests.

　　In the first test,each subject (试验对象)sat before a computer screen and pressed a key assoon as he or she recognized a target letter among a grouping of 96. In this simple test，smokers，deprived smokers and non-smokers performed equally well.

　　The next test was more complex,requiring all to scan sequences of 20 identical lettersand respond the instant one of the letters transformed into a different one. Non-smokerswere faster, but under the stimulation of nicotine (尼古丁)，active smokers were faster thandeprived smokers.

　　In the third test of short-term memory?non-smokers made the fewest errors，but deprivedsmokers committed fewer errors than active smokers.

　　The fourth test required people to read a passage* then answer questions about it. Non-smokers remembered 19 percent more of the most important information than activesmokers，and deprived smokers bested those who had smoked a cigarette just before testing. Active smokers tended not only to have poorer memories,but also had trouble separatingimportant information from insignificant details.

　　“As our tests became more complex,” sums up Spilich，-non-smokers performed betterthan smokers by wider and wider margins”. He predicts? “smokers might perform adequatelyat many jobs until they got complicated. A smoking airline pilot could fly adequately if noproblems arose but if something went wrong,smoking might damage his mental capacity. ”

　　2- Which of the following statements is true?

　　A. Active smokers in general performed better than deprived smokers.

　　B. Active smokers responded more quickly than the other subjects.

　　C. Non-smokers were not better than other subjects in performing simple tasks.

　　D. Deprived smokers gave the slowest responses to the various tasks.

　　讲解答案：

　　2. C是非题。从文中的第三个测试就可排除A，从第一个测试就可排除B、D，因为在第一段，“In this simple test, smokers, deprived smokers and non-smokersperformed equally well “可判断。

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