2016年6月英语四级考试阅读三大答题技巧

　　5、词汇题

　　(1)、词汇题表现形式

　　词汇题一般会明确地告诉考生出题点在哪里，不需要考生查找所考查内容。它可以考一个单词的含义，一个词组的意思，或者考一个句子的弦外之音。

　　(2)、词汇题解题方法

　　词汇题是考生得分率较低的一类题，因为它需要考生从上下文中进行分析，推敲单词背后的意思。问单词或词组的意思，加强调上下文逻辑分析;有时用转折逻辑，但更多是利用并列逻辑，比如1997年1月份考题，

　　原文：This is the Shadowland of hope, and anyone with a dream must learn to live there.

　　60. “Shadowland”in the last sentence refers to____ .

　　A) the wonderland one often dreams about

　　B) the bright future that one is looking forward to

　　C) the state of uncertainty before one's final goal is reached

　　D) a world that exists only in one's imagination

　　此题解法有多种，其中可以利用并列关系来求解。首先，and后面的句子告诉我们“任何有梦想的人必须要学会在那里生活”，这暗含了“那里”不好的环境。再从and可知，两个分句的逻辑是一致的，据此Shadowland也应该是不利的环境，故选择C项。

　　考句子的含义，查找答案的方向还得做一个细分：如果句子简单，一般在上下文中寻找答案;如果句子复杂，则更加倾向于在句子内部找答案。

　　(3)、词汇题注意点

　　如果考简单单词，正确答案会与该单词的常用意思没有多大关系;如果考难词，感觉很难有分析的线索时，就把四个选项代到原文中，使得原文逻辑正确，意思同学的为正确答案;如果考句子的含义而导致分析完全没有思路时，不妨结合文章问题来分析，可以体现主题，或与主题的逻辑一致，一般就是答案。

　　二、篇章层次的词汇理解

　　篇章词汇理解主要测试的是考生在实际语境中对单词的理解和把握能力，因此重点考查的词性是名词、动词、形容词和副词等主要实词，一般不会涉及介词、冠词等不具有实际意义的虚词。

　　考生应该把选项进行归类，，如动词、形容词、副词等包括哪几个选项。然后再根据空格所在句子的结构及上下文时态推测所填词的可能词性和形式，将选择范围限定在某一个或两个词性内，再按照上下文意思来进行确定

　　样题解析：

　　El Nino is the name given to the mysterious and often unpredictable change in the climate of the world. This strange 47 happens every five to eight years. It starts in the Pacific Ocean and is thought to be caused by a failure in the trade winds(信风), which affects the ocean currents driven by these winds. As the trade winds lessen in 48, the ocean temperatures rise, causing the Peru current flowing in from the east to warm up by as much as 5 °C.

　　The warming of the ocean has far-reaching effects. The hot, humid (潮湿的) air over the ocean causes severe 49 thunderstorms. The rainfall is increased across South America, 50 floods to Peru. In the West Pacific, there are droughts affecting Australia and Indonesia. So while some parts of the world prepare for heavy rains and floods, other parts face drought, poor crops and 51.

　　El Nino usually lasts for about 18 months. The 1981-83 El Nino brought the most 52 weather in modern history. Its effect was worldwide and it left more than 2,000 people dead and caused over eight billion pounds 53 of damage. The 1990 El Nino lasted until June 1995. Scientists 54 this to be the longest El Nino for 2,000 years.

　　Nowadays, weather experts are able to forecast when an El Nino will 55 , but they are still not 56 sure what leads to it or what affects how strong it will be.

　　A) estimate B) strength C) deliberately D) notify

　　E) tropical F) phenomenon G) stable H) attraction

　　I) completely J) destructive K) starvation L) bringing

　　M) exhaustion N) worth O) strike

　　选项归类后可以看出：其中名词有B,F,H,K,M，动词包含A,D,O,L 其中只有L为现在分词形式，其余皆为动词原型;形容词包括E, G, J,N,另外还有C,I 两个副词。可简单做标示。