2016年12月大学英语四级阅读暑期练习及答案(二十七)

　　[G ] Eliminate time wasters. “If interruptions are keeping you from your responsibilities, learn how to deal with them accordingly,” says Eileen Roth, author of Organizing for Dummies. Roth proposes the following suggestions to combat disruptions: “Use voice mail to cut down on telephone interruptions, turn off the alert that says ‘You’ve got an e-mail; and give staff members a set time to visit you.” Justin Gramm, president of Globella Buyers Realty, exemplifies Roth’s point. “E-mail had been a big time waster for me in the past because it was a constant interruption, causing me to lose focus on the task at hand,” he says. Since determined to check his e-mails only twice a day, Gramm says he has become much more efficient. “If people want to get more work done, they need to stop checking e-mails and get down to business,” he says.

　　[H] Assess your workload before taking on new tasks. “The paradox of today’s work environment is that the more you do, the more that’s expected of you,” Davidson says. In order to better assess your workload, Davidson suggests asking yourself the following questions before agreeing to undertake new responsibilities: Is the task aligned (使一致)with your priorities and goals; Are you likely to be as prone to saying yes to such a request tomorrow or next week; What else could you do that would be more rewarding; What other pressing tasks and responsibilities are you likely to face; Does the other party have options other than you; Will he or she be crushed if you say no?

　　[I] Want to know more? Most of our experts recommended books for additional tips on how to maximize efficiency, but one book was mentioned time and again. Check out The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People.

　　46. “The more you do, the more you are expected to do” has been a paradox in today’s work environment.

　　47. As long as employees have a can-do attitude and do not just complain about their workload, the managers would like to help them decide what to do first.

　　48. As a single parent, Deborah Chaddock-Brown finds it difficult to make a balance between business and housework.

　　49. There are many useful methods of preventing people from feeling overwhelmed by workload.

　　50. Messy work areas are nonproductive to some extent, so you are supposed to keep your work areas tidy and important files at hand.

　　51. To know more about how to maximize efficiency, The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People is recommended.

　　52. In Organizing for Dummies, using voice mail to cut down on telephone interruptions and turning off the e-mail notice are suggested in combating interruptions.

　　53. According to Rudy, the best way to stop multitasking is to make a list of priorities and set deadlines for each task.

　　54. Focusing on a single matter will make your tasks appear more possible to be done.

　　55. In fact, most of what people retain is substitutable, so dispose the things that are disposable.

　　答案解析：

　　46. [H]。题干意为，“你做的工作越多，期望你完成的工作就越多”已经成为当今工作环境中的一种悖论。注 意抓住题干中的关键词the more...the more...、paradox和work environment。文章段落中，论及悖论和工作环 境的内容在[H]段出现，该段第二句提到，目前的工作环境中存在着一个悖论，那就是你做的工作越多，期望你完成的工作就越多。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为[H]。

　　47. [F]。题干意为，只要员工抱有积极进取的态度而不是只抱怨他们的工作量，经理们将乐于帮助员工决定 首先应该做什么。注意抓住题干中的关键词employees和managers、complain about their workload。文章段落 中，论及抱怨工作量以及员工和经理之间关系的内容在[F]段出现，该段末句提到，只要员工有积极进取 的态度而不只是抱怨工作量，经理们应该乐于帮助员工梳理工作的优先次序。由此可知，题干是对原文的 同义转述，故答案为[F]。题干中的as long as和原文中的so long as对应，题干中的decide what to do first和原 文中的 sort out priorities 对应。