2022年6月英语四级语法：英语过去式用法

　　2022年6月英语四级语法：英语过去式用法

　　英语过去式表示过去的动作和状态，通常一般过去式带有表示动作时间状语的词。表示一般过去式的动词通常用动词的过去式形式，eg：动词词尾加上-ed。

　　一般过去式构成： 表示一般过去式的动词通常用动词的过去式形式来表示，而动词的过去式是在动词原形的基础上变化的。动词的过去式可分为规则动词和不规则动词。

　　规则动词的过去式变化如下：

　　1.动词词尾加 -ed ，如： worked played wanted acted

　　以不发音的 -e 结尾动词，动词词尾加 -d，如： lived moved decided declined hoped judged raised wiped

　　2.以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词，把-y变为-i 再加-ed，如： studied tried copied justified cried carried embodied emptied

　　3.以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，再加 -ed，如： stopped begged fretted dragged dropped planned dotted dripped

　　注：不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强，须多加记忆。 go - went make - made get - got buy - bought come - came fly-flew

　　一般过去式的用法

　　1.带有确定的过去时间状语时，要用过去时如：yesterday(昨天)、two days ago…(两天前…… )、last year…(去年…)、the other day(前几天)、once up on a time(过去曾经)、 just now(刚才)、in the old days(过去的日子里)、before liberation(解放前…)、 When I was 8 years old(当我八岁时…)

　　如：

　　Did you have a party the other day?

　　前几天，你们开了晚会了吗?

　　Lei Feng was a good soldier.

　　雷锋是个好战士。

　　注意：在谈到已死去的人的情况时，多用过去时。

　　如：

　　2.表示过去连续发生的动作时，要用过去时。这种情况下，往往没有表示过去的时间状语，而通过上下文来表示。

　　The boy opened his eyes for a moment，looked at the captain，and then died.

　　那男孩把眼睛张开了一会儿，看看船长，然后就去世了。

　　3.表示过去一段时间内经常或反复的动作，常与always，never等连用。如

　　Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella.

　　彼得太太过去老是带着一把伞。(只是说明她过去的动作，不表明她现在是否常带着伞。)

　　4.如果强调已经终止的习惯时要用used to do。如：

　　He used to drink.

　　他过去喝酒。(意味着他现在不喝酒了。喝酒这个动作终止了)

　　I used to take a walk in the morning.

　　我过去是在早晨散步。(意味着现在不在早晨散步了)

　　5.有些句子，虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语，但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态的话，也要用过去时，这一点，我们中国学生往往出错，要特别注意!

　　I didn''t know you were in Paris.

　　我不知道你在巴黎。(因为在说话时，我已经知道你在巴黎了。这句话指的是说话之前，所以只能用过去时表示。实际上，这句话暗指：But now I know you are here.)

　　I thought you were ill.

　　我以为你病了呢。(这句话应是在说话之前，我以为你病了。但是现在我知道你没病)

　　例题

　　一、单项选择： 从下列各题后所给的四个选项中选择最佳答案填空。(10)

　　1. My father______ill yesterday.

　　A. isn't B. aren't C. wasn't D. weren't

　　(2. ______your parents at home last week﹖

　　A. Is B. Was C. Are D. Were

　　(3. The twins______in Dalian last year. They______here now.

　　A. are; were B. were; are C. was; are D. were; was

　　4. ______your father at work the day yesterday ﹖

　　A. Was; before B. Is; before C. Was; after D. Is; after

　　5. —Who was on duty last Friday﹖

　　—______.

　　A. I am B. I was C. Yes, I was D. No, I wasn't

　　二、请用正确动词形式填空。(10)

　　1. I _________ (have) an exciting party last weekend.

　　2. _________ she _________(practice) her guitar yesterday? No, she _________.

　　3. What ________ Tom ________ (do) on Saturday evening?

　　He ________(watch) TV and __________(read) an interesting book.

　　4. They all _________(go) to the mountains yesterday morning.

　　5. She _________(not visit) her aunt last weekend.

　　She ________ (stay) at home and _________(do) some cleaning.

　　三、句型转换

　　they read english last night.

　　一般疑问句：________________________________________

　　肯定/否定回答：____________________________________

　　对划线部分提问：____________________________________

　　1.There ____________ a telephone call for you just now. (be)

　　2.There __________ not enough people to pick apples that day. ( be)

　　3.There _____________ any hospitals (医院) in my hometown (家乡) in 1940. ( be not)

　　4.There ____________ enough milk at home last week, wasn’t there?

　　5.I ____________ to japan last week. ( move)

　　6. When _______ you _________ (come) to china? - last year.

　　7.Did she ________ (have) supper at home?

　　8.Jack ____________ (not clean) the room just now.

　　9._________ (be) it cold in your city yesterday?

　　10.How many people ________ (be) there in your class last term?

　　11.It ________ (be) hot yesterday and most children _______ (be) outside.

　　12. There ________ (be) a football match on tv yesterday evening, but i _________ (have) no time to watch it.

　　习题答案：

　　一、单项选择：1---5 CDBAB

　　二、1.had 2. Did; practice; didn't 3.did; do; watched; read 4.went

　　三、did they read english last night?

　　yes,they did./no,they didn't.

　　what did they do last night?

　　四、

　　1.was

　　2. were

　　3.Weren’t

　　4.was

　　5.Moved

　　6.did come

　　7.have

　　8.didn’t clean

　　9.was

　　10.Were

　　11.was were