2022年12月英语四级阅读理解练习材料（10）

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　　2022年12月英语四级阅读理解练习材料（10）

　　Passage 10

　　It has been thought and said that Africans are born with musical talent. Because music is so important in the lives of many Africans and because so much music is performed in Africa, we are inclined to think that all Africans are musicians. The impression is strengthened when we look at ourselves and find that we have become largely a society of musical spectators(旁观). Music is important to us, but most of us can be considered consumers rather than producers of music. We have records, television, concerts, and radio to fulfill many of our musical needs. In most situations where music is performed in our culture it is not difficult to distinguish the audience from the performers, but such is often not the case in Africa. Alban Ayipaga, a Kasena semiprofessional musician from northern Ghana, says that when his flute(长笛)and drum ensemble(歌舞团)is performing. “Anybody can take part”. This is true, but Kasena musicians recognize that not all people are equally capable of taking part in the music. Some can sing along with the drummers, but relatively few can drum and even fewer can play the flute along with the ensemble. It is fairly common in Africa for there to be an ensemble of expert musicians surrounded by others who join in by clapping, singing, or somehow adding to the totality of musical sound. Performing nucleus and the additional performers, active spectators, and passive spectators may be difficult to draw from our point of view.

　　46. The difference between us and Africans, as far as music is concerned, is that________

　　A) most of us are consumers while most of them are producers of music

　　B) we are musical performers and they are semiprofessional musicians

　　C) most of us are passive spectators while they are active spectators

　　D) we are the audience and they are the additional perfrormers

　　47. The word “such” (Line 8) refers to the fact that________

　　A) music is perforated with the participation of the audience

　　B) music is performed without the participation of the audience

　　C) people tend to distinguish the audience from the performers

　　D) people have records, television sets and radio to fulfill their musical needs

　　48. The author of the passage implies that____________

　　A) all Africans are musical and therefore much music is performed in Africa

　　B) nor all Africans are born with musical talent although music is important in their lives

　　C) most Africans are capable of joining in the by playing musical instruments

　　D) most Africans perform as well as professional musicians

　　49. The word “nucleus” (Line 15) probably refers to ____________-

　　A) musicians famous in Africa B) musicians at the center of attention

　　C) musicians acting as the core in a performance

　　D) active participants in a musical performance

　　50. The best title for this passage would be ___________

　　A) The Importance of Music to African People

　　B) Differences Between African Music and Music of Other Countries

　　C) The Relationship between Musicians and Their Audience

　　D) A Characteristic Feature of African Musical Performances

　　Passage 10

　　人们一致认为并传说着非洲人生来就有音乐天赋。因为(48)音乐在许多非洲人的生活中如此之重要，还因为在非洲有如此之多的音乐，我们不禁要认为所有的非洲人都是音乐家了。当我们看看自己，发现我们已变成了一个以欣赏音乐为主的社会时，这个印象就进一步加深了。音乐对我们很重要，但我们大多数人只能算是音乐的消费者而非创造者。我们用唱片、电视、音乐会以及无线电广播来满足我们众多的音乐需求。(46)(47)在大多数情况下，如果是在我们自己的文化中演奏音乐，就很容易区分观众与演奏者，但在非洲，情况通常并非如此。Alban Ayipage，一名来自加纳北部的喀萨纳半职业音乐家在他的长笛与鼓歌舞团表演时说道，“任何人都可以参加”。确实是这样，但喀萨纳音乐家认为(48)不是所有的人都一样有能力加入音乐之中的。有些人可以与鼓手一起歌唱，但相对来说很少有人会打鼓，甚而更少有人会与乐团一起吹奏长笛了。在非洲，一个由专业音乐家组成的乐团被其他一帮人围着加入进来是很普通的事，这些人会拍掌、歌唱，或是做其他的什么加入到总体的音乐声中。演出通常在露天的场合进行(就是说，不是在舞台上)，所以在我们看来，(49)就可能会很难把演出的音乐家与另外增加的演出人员、活跃的观众和被动的观众区分开来。

　　46、就音乐而言，我们与非洲人之间的区别就是_________

　　A)我们大多数人是音乐的消费者而他们大多数人是音乐的创造者

　　B)我们演奏音乐而他们是半职业的音乐家

　　C)我们大多数人被动的观众而他们是主动活跃的观众

　　D)我们是听众而他们是另外增加的演出人员

　　47、“such”这个词(第13行)指的是这样一种事实，即__________

　　A)音乐在演奏时得到了观众的参与　　　B)音乐在演奏时没有观众参与

　　C)人们倾向于把听众与演员区分开来

　　D)人们用唱片、电视机与收音机来满足音乐需求

　　48、本文作者暗示_________

　　A)所有的非洲人都有音乐细胞，因此在非洲有许多音乐演奏

　　B)并非所有的非洲人都生来就有音乐天赋，虽然音乐在他们的生活中很重要

　　C)大部分非洲人可以演奏乐器以加入到音乐中去

　　D)大部分非洲人和专业音乐家演奏得一样好

　　49、“nucleus”这个词(第27行)可能是指___________

　　A)在非洲著名的音乐家　　　　　　　　B)在关注焦点的音乐家

　　C)在演出中是核心部分的音乐家　　　　D)在音乐表演中活跃的参与者

　　50、本文最好的标题应是____________

　　A)音乐对于非洲人民的重要性　　　　　B)非洲音乐与其它国家音乐之间的区别

　　C)音乐家与其听众的关系　　　　　　　D)非洲音乐表演的一个本质特征

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