2022年9月英语四级考试阅读考前冲刺模拟卷及答案（第2套)

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　　2022年9月英语四级考试阅读考前冲刺模拟卷及答案（第2套)

　　Section C

　　Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

　　Passage One

　　Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.

　　Ending your day with a hot bath might have more benefits than relaxation. It could also lower your risk of heart disease and stroke, a new study finds. Previous research on bathing has already shown that it’s beneficial for sleep quality.

　　The present study found that a daily hot bath is also associated with a 28% lower risk of

　　heart disease, and a 26% lower risk of stroke—likely because taking a bath is also associated with lowering your blood pressure, the researchers said.

　　They discovered this after tracking the bathing habits and cardiovascular (心血管的) disease risk of more than 61,000 Japanese adults for 20 years. “We found that frequent tub bathing was significantly associated with a lower risk of hypertension, suggesting that a beneficial effect of tub bathing on risk of cardiovascular disease may be in part due to a reduced risk of developing hypertension,” the researchers said.

　　Participants ages 40 to 59 with no history of heart disease were followed from 1990 to 2009. At the start of the study, they were separated into groups by how often they took a bath in a tub on average: less than once a week, one to two times per week, almost daily or every day.

　　The researchers also gathered information on potentially influential factors, such as the participants’ weight, smoking status, how often they exercised, alcohol intake, job status, education, how long they slept, perceived mental stress and life enjoyment.

　　By the end of the follow-up period in 2009, out of more than 30,000 final participants, the researchers documented 2,097 cases of cardiovascular disease, including 275 heart attacks, 53 sudden cardiac deaths and 1,769 strokes. They found that the more the participants bathed, the lower their risk was for cardiovascular disease.

　　The temperature of the water, based on participants’ descriptions, also mattered. There was a 26% lower risk for heart disease with warm water, and a 35% lower risk of cardiovascular disease for hot water.

　　Tub bathing is considered to have a preventative effect against heart disease by improving what’s called “hemodynamic function.” This describes the way that blood is able to be pumped efficiently through the body, said Dr. Eric Brandt, an expert at New Haven Hospital, who wasn’t involved in the study.

　　46. What would be the benefit of taking a daily hot bath?

　　A) Enhancing one’s working efficiency.

　　B) Cleaning one’s body thoroughly.

　　C) Boosting one’s sense of happiness.

　　D) Bringing down one’s blood pressure.

　　47. Why is tub bathing helpful in reducing the risk of heart disease?

　　A) Because it helps in preventing getting hypertension.

　　B) Because it benefits the Japanese people more effectively.

　　C) Because it lightens a person’s mood in the process.

　　D) Because it is helpful for lowering the heartbeat rate.

　　48. What do we learn about participants in the related research?

　　A) They were grouped on the basis of their age.

　　B) They were not troubled by any heart disease before.

　　C) They lived under no or little mental pressure.

　　D) They didn't receive sufficient education.

　　49. What’s the key to getting the full effect of a hot tub bath?

　　A) Having an easy-going attitude toward life.

　　B) Setting the proper temperature of the water.

　　C) Limiting bodyweight to a reasonable range.

　　D) Doing sports often to maintain the overall health.

　　50. According to Eric Brandt, what will happen if a person does tub bathing?

　　A) He would have better blood circulation.

　　B) He could enjoy a sounder sleep at night.

　　C) He might have a more relaxed mind.

　　D) He would be resilient facing challenges.

　　Passage Two

　　Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.

　　It turns out that cool workspaces and free lunches aren’t necessarily key in turning millennial hires into loyal employees. The oldest millennials came of age during the dot-com boom, when jumping from start-up to start-up in search of a better opportunity was the norm. And they’ve developed a reputation for job-hopping and being unattached to large corporate institutions. But when it comes to what they want most in a workplace, they’re not much different from baby boomers and Gen Xers, who employers traditionally have labelled as more loyal workers.

　　However, almost 90 percent of millennials surveyed in a new study said that they would choose to stay in a job for the next 10 years. In other words, most millennials seem to plan to stay in their jobs for at least six years, and 77 percent would be willing to take a salary cut in exchange for long-term job security.

　　“Millennials want stability—yes, that may shock you, but it’s true,” said millennial attorney James Goodnow, co-author of Motivating Millennials. “Many baby boomer executives think millennials are just cashing in on a short-term job so they can scrape together enough money to go hike Mount Kilimanjaro or buy an unlimited annual skydiving pass.”

　　The above-mentioned survey, which surveyed almost 1,500 millennials about what they

　　look for in an ideal workplace, offers some insight for employers looking to hire and retain workers from the country’s largest labor force.

　　Here are a few myths the research suggest should be busted (破坏).

　　Firstly, millennials always have one foot out the office door. “These stereotypes are overwhelming for millennials, who are seeking business where they can grow and develop as professionals,” Goodnow said. “This ‘they’re probably leaving anyway’ mentality creates a self-fulfilling prophesy (预言) where business leaders don’t invest in their youngest workers, who then leave as a result.”

　　Secondly, the mission of a company means more to millennials than traditional workplace benefits. “The notion that millennials place a premium on their employer’s mission is clearly an over-generalization,” said Larry Yu, marketing partner at Accel. “People value career trajectory (轨迹) and compensation more. It shouldn’t be a surprise. This generation is getting to the age where things like owning a home or starting a family is more top-of-mind.”

　　Other data from the survey shows that investing in millennial employees during their first 90 days on the job is key to retaining them. Companies need to try harder at giving millennials a valuable reason to stay, which should go way beyond free food—it’s about upward mobility.

　　“Millennials want to be at a place where they own their own career trajectory,” said Mike Maughan, head of brand growth at Qualtrics, who notes that millennials’ desire for long-term stability may have come from negative experiences they’ve had or heard about from their parents, and from their seeing the impact of their career on their ability to save for retirement.

　　51. In Paragraph 1, what do we learn about the oldest millennials?

　　A) They were as competent at work as baby boomers and Gen Xers.

　　B) They would like to take a job in a promising start-up company.

　　C) They cared about a company’s corporate culture when picking a job.

　　D) They suffered an unjust reputation by other people in the society.

　　52. What did the new study discover about millennials?

　　A) They hold an open mind about job-hopping.

　　B) They choose their jobs by their free will.

　　C) They want job security at the workplace.

　　D) They think less of the money earned.

　　53. According to James Goodnow, how would baby boomer executives think of millennials?

　　A) They are not loyal employees to some extent.

　　B) They can not live up to their parents’ expectations.

　　C) They love sports more than their jobs.

　　D) They own very shocking working styles.

　　54. In James Goodnow’s view, why do millennials quit their job?

　　A) Empty dreams.

　　B) Insufficient training.

　　C) Heavy workload.

　　D) Picky executives.

　　55. What could be a good reason for millennials to stay in a company?

　　A) The mission of the company.

　　B) The pressure from their parents.

　　C) A promising prospect at the workplace.

　　D) A relaxing working atmosphere.

　　答案：

　　Section C Passage One

　　46. D 47. A 48. B 49. B 50. A

　　Passage two

　　51. D 52. C 53. A 54. B 55. C

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