2022年12月英语四级选词填空考前冲刺模拟卷及答案(第2套)

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　　2022年12月英语四级选词填空考前冲刺模拟卷及答案(第2套)

　　Section A

　　Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

　　Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.

　　There are a number of destinations around the world famed for the longevity of their residents. There’s one long-lived corner of the globe you won’t have heard talked about as much. That’s Lerik in southern Azerbaijan. Lerik, is 26 to have the highest concentration of centenarians. In this emerald ( 翠 绿 色 的 ) land high above the clouds in the Talysh Mountains, people seem to have 27 a secret to a long and healthy life.

　　Back in 1991, there were more than 200 people in Lerik 28 as being more than 100 years old, out of a population of 63,000. Numbers have been less 29 since then, which locals blame variously on radiation from communication towers and environmental 30 , but could just as easily be down to more rigorous record-keeping.

　　Stillness of the mind is part of their secret of living a long life. They stay away from stress, thinking about life quite 31 , living one day at a time, without much planning or worry for the future. Another secret of long life in Lerik is good 32 , the minerals in the spring water and the herbs that

　　people add to tea to 33 illnesses, so people don’t have to take any medicine. In terms of food, they eat “whatever God gives” with just one restriction—some of them never drinks alcohol.

　　In their daily life, the physical work that people do is 34 . From sunrise until sunset they work in gardens and fields as well as around the house. They sew and knit and take care of big families. They work hard, but not to the point of 35 , but enough to challenge the body.

　　Section B

　　Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

　　Many Millennials Are Worse Off than Their Parents

　　[A]On paper, it looks like Scott Larsen is doing better than his father was at the same age. At 29, Larsen has a college degree and earns more money, but he doesn’t feel he’s moving up in the world. When his father, Craig, was 29, he was already married, owned a home in Payson, Utah, and had two of his five children. Now 64, Craig Larsen worked as a mechanical engineer, earning about

　　$20,000 a year at the time, or about $50,500 in today’s dollars, even though he hadn’t finis hed college. His wife, Kathy, was a stay-at-home mom.

　　[B]Scott, the youngest of the kids, is a marketing manager for a health and beauty company based in nearby Provo, Utah. Though he earns around $60,000 annually—about 20% more than his dad did at his age—he is living with his parents, because he doesn’t feel he can afford to buy a place of his own thanks to soaring housing prices. While his dad was able to purchase a house for a little over twice his annual salary, Scott Larsen says he’d have to spend more than five times his yearly paycheck.

　　[C]“The prospect of taking care of a family or buying a normal, decent home seem like far-off dreams that I’ll have to reconsider in another five years,” said Scott Larsen, noting that living at home is “horrible” for his social life but is a “financially sound idea.”

　　[D]Even though the US economy is growing—according to a recent CNN poll, 76% of Americans think it’s doing better than it has in decades—not everyone is prospering. Millennials are on track to be the first generation not to exceed their parents in terms of job status or income, studies show.

　　[E]Millennials—often classified as the generation born between 1981 and 1996—have faced challenges. They came of age at the worst possible moment—when the economy collapsed in the Great Recession, said Michael Hout, a sociology professor at New York University. The US economy is not supporting a continuing increase in occupational status to the extent it once did. Compounding (使复杂化) the problem is that millennials’ parents did benefit from an upward shift in job status, making it even harder to surpass their accomplishments.

　　[F]Among Americans born in the late 1980s, only 44% were in jobs with higher socioeconomic status than their parents when both were age 30, while 49% had positions of lower status, according to

　　Hout, who published a study on millennials in the 2019 Stanford Center on Poverty & Inequalit y Pathways Magazine. That’s a far cry from those born in the late 1930s, some 70% of whom did better than their parents. The rate has drifted downward since, but millennials are the first to fall below 50%.

　　[G]“A big part of the American dream is that each generation will do better than the one that preceded it,” said David Grusky, a sociology professor at Stanford. “That has been part of what’s supposed to make this country special and distinctive. When it’s just a coin flip, we’re not living up to that commitment. It’s a pretty fundamental part of what we say this country can deliver and we’re not.”

　　[H]More than a dozen millennials experience their struggles to meet or exceed their parents’ job status or lifestyle. Some had trouble landing good-paying jobs, while others found that housing prices,

　　student loans and other expenses were dragging them down.

　　[I]Take Brianna Garcia, 26, of San Antonio, Texas. The first in her family to graduate college, she earned a bachelor’s degree in education two years ago from Our Lady of the Lake University in her hometown. She had hoped to become an elementary school teacher, but districts were downsizing at the time she was applying.

　　[J]She broadened her search, looking for “something a little higher paying to help me work my way up.” But she was repeatedly refused for a lack of experience. Finally, with the help of her mom, she landed a job in March at a medical clinic, doing filing for $11 an hour.

　　[K]While her parents had their struggles and relied on government assistance for a time, they were able to buy a house by the time her dad was 30 and raise two children. Her father, 51, was an accountant at a bakery and is now a payroll supervisor at a shoe company. Her mother, 49, worked in medical records.

　　[L]“My parents made it for the most part, but they’ve always wanted better for me,” said Garcia, who lives at home and hasn’t started paying off her $27,000 in student loans because her income is too low. “I’m trying to do so and work hard but with this job market that doesn’t feel very open and the housing costs that are unrealistically high, it feels impossible sometimes to do better than my parents. All I want to do is have a stable job so that when my parents need my help, I can do it,” she said.

　　[M]For Sarah Clinton, 34, the problem isn’t with her career. She feels that she and her husband both have good, stable jobs with decent salaries and the ability to advance — she works with the homeless after earning a master’s in social work and he sells long-term care insurance while pursuing his MBA. But the Waltham, Massachusetts, couple barely make enough to afford their

　　$2,300 monthly rent and other life expenses.

　　[N]Home prices have risen faster than inflation. In 1980, the typical home sold for about $197,500, adjusted for inflation, according to US Census Bureau data. Now, it’s more than $325,000. Saving to buy a house or start a family doesn’t seem feasible at the moment, Clinton said. Her parents, meanwhile, served in the military and received housing allowances. Eventually, they bought a home off the base in New Hampshire. After they left the service, her dad took another governme nt job and her mother became a nurse. “They want me to have a child, purchase a home, but I can’t do that now,” Clinton said. “It’s a goal that we feel that much further away from reaching.”

　　[O]When it comes to wealth, millennials are falling behind, as well. Part of the reason is that millennials are less likely to be homeowners at that age. Some 43% of millennial households owned homes, compared to 51% of Gen X, according to a report. Student loans are also an issue. Many millennials have to face their college debts which are crushing their ability to advance—an issue their parents largely didn’t have to contend with.

　　36. According to Michael Hout, millennials have to face the challenges coming from the worst phase of the economic recession in the past decade.

　　37. According to David Grusky, in order to live the American dream, a younger generation of Americans are expected to do better in life than their parents.

　　38. Though Craig Larsen didn’t finish college as his son Scott did, he managed to get married and buy his own house at Scott’s age.

　　39. According to Michael Hout’s study, most Americans born in the late 1930s secured better socioeconomic status than their parents.

　　40. According to the passage, many millennials have to work hard to pay their college debt, which usually is not an issue for their parents to cope with.

　　41. In spite of a huge financial burden of student loans and a slim chance of buying a house, Brianna Garcia is positive of finding a stable job and living a better life.

　　42. According to the passage, though the US economy is growing, millennials are actually not doing as well as their parents did in many aspects of their life.

　　43. Brianna Garcia had no choice but accepting a low-paying job at a medical clinic with the help of her mother, though she’s been searching for a high-paying position.

　　44. According to the passage, despite a bachelor’s degree in education, Brianna Garcia failed to land a teaching position in an elementary school in her hometown.

　　45. Though Brianna Garcia’s parents had a hard life when they were young, they eventually succeeded in buying a house and raising two children.

　　答案：

　　Section A

　　26. C 27. I 28. A 29.F 30. M 31. G 32. L 33. D 34. N 35. H

　　Section B

　　36. E 37. G 38. A 39. F 40. O 41. L 42. D 43. J 44. I 45. K

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