2016年12月大学英语四级阅读暑期练习及答案(二十八)

　　[G] For all its success, the United States remains deeply hesitant about sustaining the research-university model. Most politicians recognize the link between investment in science and national economic strength, but support for research funding has been unsteady. The budget of the National Institutes of Health doubled between 1998 and 2003, but has risen more slowly than inflations since then. Support for the physical sciences and engineering barely kept pace with inflation during that same period. The attempt to make up lost ground is welcome, but the nation would be better served by steady, predictable increases in science funding at the rate of long-term GDP growth, which is on the order of inflation plus 3 percent per year.

　　[H ] American politicians have great difficulty recognizing that admitting more foreign students can greatly promote the national interest by increasing international understanding. Adjusted for inflation, public funding for international exchanges and foreign-language study is well below the levels of 40 years ago. In the wake of September 11, changes in the visa process caused a dramatic decline in the number of foreign students seeking admission to U.S. universities, and a corresponding surge in enrollments in Australia, Singapore and the U.K. Objections from American university and business leaders led to improvements in the process and a reversal of the decline, but the United States is still seen by many as unwelcoming to international students.

　　[I ] Most Americans recognize that universities contribute to the nation’s well-being through their scientific research, but many fear that foreign students threaten American competitiveness by taking their knowledge and skills back home. They fail to grasp that welcoming foreign students to the United States has two important positive effects: first, the very best of them stay in the States and—like immigrants throughout history—strengthen the nation; and second, foreign students who study in the United States become ambassadors for many of its most cherished (珍视)values when they return home. Or at least they understand them better. In America as elsewhere, few instruments of foreign policy are as effective in promoting peace and stability as welcoming international university students.

　　46. American universities prepare their undergraduates for global careers by giving them chances for international study or internship.

　　47. Since the mid-1970s, the enrollment of overseas students has increased at an annual rate of 3.9 percent.

　　48. The enrollment of international students will have a positive impact on America rather than threaten its competitiveness.

　　49. The way research is carried out in universities has changed as a result of globalization.

　　50. Of the newly hired professors in science and engineering in the United States, twenty percent come from foreign countries. 

　　51. The number of foreign students applying to U.S. universities decreased sharply after September 11 due to changes in the visa process.

　　52. The U.S. federal funding for research has been unsteady for years.

　　53. Around the world, governments encourage the model of linking university-based science and industrial application.

　　54. Present-day universities have become a powerful force for global integration.

　　55. When foreign students leave America, they will bring American values back to their home countries.

　　答案解析：

　　46. [D]。题干意为，美国大学通过向学生提供出国学习或实习的机会为大学生准备全球性的职业发展契机。 注意抓住题干中的关键词 American universities、global careers和chances for international study or internship。 文章段落中，论及美国大学为学生提供出国学习或实习机会的内容出现在[D]段，该段第三句提到，在美 国，各大学正在帮助安排学生暑期到国外实习以帮助他们为全球性职业发展做好准备。该段第四句又进一 步列举了耶鲁大学和哈佛大学为学生提供国际学习和实习机会的实例，目的都在于说明美国大学为帮助 学生准备全球性职业发展而付出的努力。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为[D]。