2020年12月英语四级长篇阅读真题/答案/解析(卷一)

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　　【选词填空】

　　The things people make， and the way they makethem， determine how cities grow and decline，and influence how empires rise and fal.So， anydisruption to the world's factories matters.

　　And that disruption is surely coming.Factoriesare being digitised， filled with new sensors andnew computers to make them quicker， moreflexible， and more efficient.

　　Robots are breaking free from the cages that sur-round them， learning new skills， and new waysof working.And 3D printers have long promiseda world where you can make anything， any-where， from a computerised design.That visionis moving closer to reality.These forces will eadto cleaner factories， producing better goods atlower prices， personalised to our individualneeds and desires.Humans will be spared manyof the dirty， repetitive， and dangerous jobs thathave long been a feature of factory life.

　　Greater efficiency inevitably means fewer peoplecan do the same work.Yet factory bosses in many devel aped countries are worried about alack of ski led human workers-and see automa-tion and robots as a solution.

　　But economist Helena Leu rent says this period ofrapid change in manufacturing is a fantastic op-portunity to make the world a better

　　place.“Manufacturing is the one system whereyou have got the biggest source of innovation，the biggest source of economic growth， and thebiggest source of great jobs in the past.“Youcan see it changing.That'san opportunity toshape that system differently， and if we can， itwil have enormous sign fi cance.

　　26.K) matters

　　27.G) flexible

　　28.M) promised

　　29.L) moving

　　30.0) spared

　　31.F) feature

　　32.H) inevitably

　　33.A) automation

　　34.D) fantastic

　　35.N) shape

　　信息匹配：

　　36.[E] That comment ，say sMothering Justice director Dan-i elle Atkinson ，"wasmeanttoshame" po

　　37.[H] But the fact that 4in10Americanscan't come upwith$400inan emergency is a commonly cited statistic forgood reason ： economic instability str er ches across race，gen-der，andgeography.

　　38.[M] According to the General Social Survey ， 71 percent ofrespondents believe the country is spending too Little on"assistancetothepoor."

　　39.[J] The FrameWorks Institute ，aresearchgroupthatfo-c uses on public framing of issues ， has studied what sustainsstereotypes and narratives of poverty in the United King-dom

　　40.[D] If these are the central characters of our story aboutpoverty ， what layers of perceptions ，myths， and realities mustwe unearth to find meaningful solutions and support ?

　　41.[F] How many of us are poor in the U.S.?

　　42.[N] " Poverty has been interchangeable with people ofcolor-specificallyblackwomenand”blackmothers，"saysAtkinson of Mothering Justice .

　　43.[L] Negative images remain of whois living in poverty aswell as what is needed to moveoutofit.

　　44.[E] That comment ，say sMothering Justice director Dan-ielleAtkinson，"wasmeanttoshame”

　　45.[L] Those external factors include the difficulties accom-panyinglow-wage work or structural discrimination basedonrace，gender，orability.

　　仔细阅读：

　　P1

　　46.C They did not become popular until the emergenceof improved batteries .

　　47.BThefaling prices of e bike batteries .

　　48.DIt will profit from e bike sharing

　　49.A Retailers 'refusaltodealinebikes.

　　50.D The younger generation’s pursuit of comfortable riding

　　P2

　　51.A Tosway public opinion of the impact of human成activities on Earth

　　52.Cit covers more phenomena

　　53.D Deliberate choice of words o ass

　　54.B For greater precision .

　　55.C Human activities have serious effects on Earth

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