2022年9月英语四级考试阅读考前冲刺模拟卷及答案（第1套)

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　　2022年9月英语四级考试阅读考前冲刺模拟卷及答案（第1套)

　　Section C

　　Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B),

　　C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

　　Passage One

　　Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.

　　The planet is “way off track” in dealing with climate change, a new United Nations report says, and experts declared that climate change is a far greater threat than the coronavirus (新冠病毒). “It is important that all the attention that needs to be given to fight this disease does not distract us from the need to defeat climate change,” U.N. Secretary General Antonio Guterres said Tuesday.

　　Although emissions have been reduced due to the virus, Guterres noted that “we will not fight climate change with a virus. Whilst the disease is expected to be temporary, climate change has been a phenomenon for many years, and will remain with us for decades and require constant action. “We count the cost in human lives and livelihoods as droughts, wildfires, floods and extreme storms take their deadly toll,” Guterres said.

　　The report confirmed that 2019 was the second-warmest year on record and the past decade the hottest in human history. 2019 ended with a global average temperature that was

　　1.1 degree Celsius above estimated pre-industrial levels, second only to the record set in 2016, when a very strong El Niño event contributed to an increased global temperature atop the overall warming trend.

　　“We are currently way off track to meeting either the 1.5°C or 2°C targets that the Paris Agreement calls for,” wrote Guterres in the report. “Greenhouse gas concentrations are at the highest levels in 3 million years—when the Earth’s temperature was as much as 3 degrees hotter and sea levels some 15 meters higher,” said Guterres at a joint press conference with World Meteorological Organization Secretary-General Petteri Taalas at UN headquarters in New York.

　　The main greenhouse gases that cause global warming are carbon dioxide and methane, which are emitted from the burning of fossil fuels such as coal, oil and gas. “Given that greenhouse gas levels continue to increase, the warming will continue. A recent decadal forecast indicates that a new annual global temperature record is likely in the next five years. It is a matter of time,” said Taalas. “We just had the warmest January on record. Winter was

　　unseasonably mild in many parts of the Northern Hemisphere. Smoke and pollutants from damaging fires in Australia circumnavigated the globe, causing a spike in carbon dioxide emissions.”

　　46. According to the UN report, why climate change is a greater threat pandemic?

　　A) Because climate change will last longer than expected.

　　B) Because all efforts are needed to fight the coronavirus for now.

　　C) Because the coronavirus kills more people than climate change.

　　D) Because climate change might wipe out all humans someday.

　　47. What trouble could climate change bring to mankind?

　　A) The complete collapse of the Earth.

　　B) The widespread of various bacteria.

　　C) The extinction of all the wild animals.

　　D) The appearance of severe wildfires.

　　48. What do we learn about the year of 2019?

　　A) It underwent the strongest El Nino event throughout the year.

　　B) It witnessed the attack of the most violent coronavirus in history.

　　C) It saw a year with higher temperatures than most of the year.

　　D) It was effected by pre-industrial efforts for transforming the nature.

　　49. What’s Antonia Guterres’ attitude towards the future of climate change?

　　A) optimistic.

　　B) neutral.

　　C) Concerned.

　　D) critical.

　　50. In the eyes of Petteri Taalas, what will global warming cause?

　　A) It might cause very cool summers to appear in Northern Europe.

　　B) It would keep worsening in the several years to come.

　　C) It could lead to more fires in Australia or New Zealand.

　　D) It may urge mankind to cut greenhouse gas emissions.

　　Passage Two

　　Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.

　　Trolls are a classic fairy tale staple, but within the last decade, the word has taken on a new meaning in the internet age. Merriam-Webster redefined the term in 2017 to describe the act of annoying others online through “posting inflammatory (煽动性的), irrelevant, or offensive comments.”

　　In the research out of Ohio State University, 33 students said they had “reached out on Facebook for help when depressed.” Half of them reported symptoms consistent with moderate to severe depression and around a third reported recently having suicidal thoughts. Only one of the students in the study directly asked for help, and only three actually mentioned the word “depression.” The others hinted at their depression by using quotes about sadness (5 percent), a negative emoji (5 percent), sad song lyrics (15 percent), or by writing sentences like “Things couldn’t get any worse” (45 percent).

　　“They didn’t use words like ‘depressed’ in their Facebook posts. It may be because of the stigma around mental illness,” Scottye Cash, an associate professor of social work at Ohio State University and lead author of the study, said in a statement. “Or maybe they didn’t know that their symptoms indicated that they were depressed.”

　　Either way, these students said that none of their friends responded the way mental health experts say you should, which is to recommend that they seek professional help. The most common response was to say something supportive (35 percent), ask what was wrong (19 percent), send a private message or contact the friend outside of Facebook (11 percent), or simply “like” the post (11 percent).

　　It can be difficult to tell a friend they should seek professional help, especially in an online forum, as you don’t want them to get offended or think you’re implying something’s wrong with them. But the experts say that doing so is the best move you can make for them in the long-term. “It makes me concerned that none of the Facebook friends of students in this study were proactive (积极主动的) in helping their friend get help,” Cash said. “We need to increase mental health literacy and decrease mental health stigma.”

　　51. What does the first paragraph mainly talk about?

　　A) The change of the meaning of a word over years.

　　B) The loss of the original meaning of a word.

　　C) The emptiness of those classic fairy tales.

　　D) The evolution of the Merriam-Webster dictionary.

　　52. What do we know about the Ohio State University research?

　　A) Many students trust online friends instead of real-life peer students.

　　B) Most students solve problems in life by using social media websites.

　　C) Many students experience some unhealthy mental problems.

　　D) Most students worry about the safety of their personal data.

　　53. According to Scottye Cash, why do students tend to avoid words like “depressed”?

　　A) Because they are more likely to keep secrets to themselves.

　　B) Because they don't realize they have mental problems.

　　C) Because they don't want to be bullied at school.

　　D) Because they have other ways to speak out their problems.

　　54. When one has mental problems, what might most of his friends fail to do?

　　A) To try to persuade him to consult a doctor.

　　B) To say to him anything that’s supportive.

　　C) To share his problems with close friends.

　　D) To figure out the sad song lyrics he posted online.

　　55. By Scottye Cash, what should be done to help kids with mental problems?

　　A) To have a serious conversation with these kids over their problems.

　　B) To raise their parents’ awareness of the seriousness of mental disorders.

　　C) To offer training for their teachers in dealing with mental illness.

　　D) To provide proper guidance for them in maintaining mental health.

　　答案：

　　Section C Passage One

　　46. A 47. D 48. C 49. C 50. B

　　Passage two

　　51. A 52. C 53. B 54. A 55. D

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