2014年12月英语四级考试模拟试卷5

　　Section C

　　Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

　　回答57-66题

　　They say that sticks and stones may break your bones，but words will never hurt you.Yet childhood bullying really can damage your long-term health.

　　Gone are the days when bullying was considered an inevitable and ultimately harmless part of growing up—iust last month we learned that childhood bullying can lead to poorer mental health even into middle age.

　　Now William Copeland at Duke University in Durham，North Carolina，and his colleagues have shown that it can have lingering physiological effects too.They tracked 1420 9-year-olds right through their teens.Each child was seen up to nine times during the study and quizzed about bullying.The team then measured levels of C-reactive protein in their blood.CRP is a marker of inflammation(炎症)linked to higher risk of cardiovascular disease (心血管疾病)and problems like diabetes.

　　“Because we were collecting biological samples throughout，we were able to look at CRP levels in subjects prior to their bullying involvement.”says Copeland.“This really gives us an idea of the changes bullying brings about.”

　　Although CRP levels naturally rise in everyone during adolescence，levels were highest in children who reported being tormented by bullies.Even at the ages of 1 9 and 2 1，children who had once been bullied had CRP levels about 1.4 times higher than peers who were neither perpetrators nor victims.In a cruel twist，the bullies had the lowest levels of all.suggesting they didn’t suffer the same health risks. They may even see a benefit from their behavior,though Copeland stresses it doesn’t vindicate(辩护)their actions.“The goal would instead be to find other ways to produce this protective effect without it being at someone else’s expense，”he says.

　　Andrea Danese at King’s College London has previously shown that maltreatment during childhood can lead to higll levels of inflammation in adult life.“This new study is a helpful addition in showing that these effects extend to another important childhood stressor,”he says.He suggests that care workers could monitor levels of CRP in children having psychotherapy to see if it is helping to soothe the stress of being bullied.

　　57、What do you know about CRP?

　　A.It is a symbol of the inflammation.

　　B.It is a symbol of cardiovascular.

　　C.It relates directly to diabetes.

　　D.It is a symbol of physiological effects caused by bullying.

　　58、 What does Copeland mean by saying“prior to their bullying involvement”(Line 2，Para.4)?

　　A.Before the children bullied others.

　　B.Before the children were bullied.

　　C.In preference to the children’s bullying behavior.

　　D.In preference to the children’s being bullied.

　　59、

　　What can be learned from paragraph 5?

　　A.The levels of CRP of the children being bullied are much higher than their peers.

　　B.CRP levels naturally rise along with the increase of age.

　　C.The bullies are not blamed for the health risks of the bullied.

　　D.Copeland intends to defend the benefit of the bullies’actions.

　　60、

　　What does Andrea Danese suggest about childhood maltreatment?

　　A.It has nothing to do with inflammation in adult life.

　　B.Copeland’s study shows nothing related to it.

　　C.CRP is the marker of childhood abuse.

　　D.It has an influence on Children’s CRP levels.

　　61、

　　What is the main idea of this passage?

　　A.Bullying is harmless to children’s growth.

　　B.CRP levels reflect the risks of poorer health.

　　C.Bullying does harm to a person all through his life.

　　D.Children once bullied have higher CRP levels than peers who are not.

　　回答62-71题

　　Here’s a case study for would-be MBAs to consider：the success of H Mart.an international supermarket chain based in New Jersey(the“H”in H Mart stands for Han Ah Reum.which means“one arm full of groceries”in Korean).Tlle first H Mart opened in Queens，New York in 1982，as a corner shop.Now there are stores in 11 states，Canada and Britain.A new one recently opened in Cambridge.

　　Massachusetts，an affluent city outside Boston.

　　The future looks bright for Asian supermarkets like H Mart.Eamings of Asian-American households outpace the American average.Their spending exceeds all other groups，too，according to Geoscape，a consultancy.And they spend more of their money on groceries than the average America household.But Asian delicacies can be hard to come by：few Americans are likely to see durian or bamboo shoots in their local shop.Some specialty ingredients are only to be found at a premium(高价)in up-market grocery stores，or miles away,in ethnic markets in older Asian neighborhpods.

　　Americans have developed greater appetite for cooking and eating Asian foods，t00.In 2012 non.restaurant sales of Asian foods topped $1.5 billion，according to Mintel Group.a market.research firm.Though Latin foods are a bigger market，the popularity of Asian foods is growing faster.Once strange.seeming imports like seaweed and sashimi are now fashionable eats.Though the rate of growth is expected to fall，sales are likely to keep rising.

　　Yet most Asian grocers have not made efforts to reach new customers，says Jeffrey Cohen，an analyst at IBIS World,an industries watcher.Many shops are located in minority enclaves，and do little to market themselves to other Americans.Cramped car parks and dingy interiors fend off customers used to the bright fluorescence(荧光)of mainstream supermarkets.Ingredients labeled with poorly-translated English Can leave shoppers bamed.

　　A few Asian grocery chains have caught on，opening stores in more diverse suburbs，paying attention to cosmetic niceties(细节)and marketing more widely.Other than H Mart，there are Califomian chains such as 99 Ranch Market and Shun Fat Supermarket，which have been expanding to the American southwest.The former was even featured in a humorous YouTube music vide—“Asians Eat Weird Things”—which has attracted more than 900，000 hits.Those weird things may not seem so weird after all.

　　62、What makes the future ofAsian supermarkets so bright?

　　A.High income and spending ofAsian-AmeriCalls.

　　B.High income ofAsians and unreachable Asian foods in local American shops.

　　C.High expenditures of Asians on grocery.

　　D.Low earnings of the other groups.

　　63、 What are the benefits ofAmericans’growing appetite for Asian foods?

　　A.The increasing sales and popularity ofAsian foods.

　　B.The expansion of Latin food market.

　　C.The growing fondness of cooking.

　　D.The AmeriCans’good cooking skills ofAsian foods.

　　64、 Whhat are the reasons for the unreachability ofAsian groceries to Americans?

　　A.AmeriCans’dislike to Asian foods.

　　B.Asians’unwillingness to do business with AmeriCans.

　　C.The poor shopping environment and confusing English introduction of the goods.

　　D.Americans’dislike to the English introduction of the goods.

　　65、 What do Asian do to develop their groceries?

　　A.Open stores in suburbs and improve shopping environment.

　　B.Market shops to more AmeriCans.

　　C.Make use of the mass media.

　　D.All ofthe above.

　　66、 What call be inferred fi'om this passage?

　　A.Asian supermarkets will become more and more popular.

　　B.Latin foods are less popular than Asian foods.

　　C.Americans’incomes are lower than the Asians’.

　　D.H Mart is all American international supermarket chain.

　　Part III Reading Comprehension.(40 minutes)

　　Part IV Translation.(30minutes)

　　Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

　　67、远程教育(distance learning)是一种正规教育，打破了传统的课堂教学模式。由于家庭责任或工作场所的限制，有些学生无法接受传统教育，此时远程教育就为他们提供了接受教育的机会。学生可以在任何有通信设备的地方学习，如校园、工作单位或是自己家里。电子邮件、互联网、传真等技术促进了师生及学生之间的互动。日益发展的科学技术以及互联网的普及也将继续促进远程教育的发展。相信在不远的将来，远程教育将会越来越普及。