2023年12月英语四级听力真题及答案（第二套）

　　00:14:05 说话者1:

　　Passage one，new research from america studies the role that the presence of individuals from different social or racial groups has in influencing consumers，food choices。This research found college students were more likely to choose healthy food in the presence of an observer of a different race as opposed to an observer from their own race。The same was true when they were with someone from a different university compared to someone from their own。Researchers say this was because participants anticipated more negative judgment from an outsider group。In contrast，they felt less judged by members of their own group。In one experiment，participants were offered the choice between candy and fruit as a snack when in the presence of an unknown student from their own university，only 12% of students selected the healthier option。However，this number was 31% when in the presence of an unknown student from another university，other experiments showed similar results based on racial group。What's the reason for this pattern？The study found that people feel judged to a larger extent by members of other groups。Because of this，they strategically use healthy food choices to make a positive impression。There have been many attempts to help consumers make healthier choices，but consumers often struggle to maintain a healthy diet。This research finds that one way to promote a healthy diet could be to advertise the social benefits of healthy choices。

　　00:15:52 说话者2:

　　Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard。Question 16，what was the finding of the new research from america about consumers，food choices？Question 17，when did 31% of students in the experiment select the healthier option？Question 18，how could a healthy diet be promoted according to the findings of the new research？Passage two？For college students under pressure，a dog may be the best stress fighter around according to the finding of a recent study。It's a really powerful finding said patricia henry who led the study。Universities are doing a lot of great work trying to help students succeed academically，especially those who may be at risk due to a history of mental health issues or academic and learning issues。This study shows that traditional stress management approaches answers effective for this population compared with programs that focus on providing opportunities to interact with therapy dogs。The researchers measured executive functioning in the students involved in the study。Executive function is a term for the skills one needs to plan，organize，motivate，concentrate and memorize。These are skills students need to succeed in college。The research has found that students who were most at risk had the most improvements in executive functioning after interacting with therapy dogs。These results remained when researchers followed up 6 weeks later。Many universities provide academic stress management programs and workshops。These are traditionally very similar to college classes。They often talk about ways to get more sleep set goals or manage stress or anxiety。Pendry acknowledges these are really important topics and these workshops help typical students succeed，but they are less helpful for struggling students。Henry believes those students may experience the programs as another lecture，feel even more stressed。

　　00:18:58 说话者1:

　　Questions，19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard。Question 19。What does the recent study led by patricia pendry？Aim to examine question 20。What did the new study measure in the participants？Question 21。What does patricia hendrick think traditional stress management programs may do？

　　00:20:09 说话者1:

　　Passage three，taking risks in business does not mean going into business blindly and then expecting great results。On the contrary，taking risks in entrepreneurship involves careful planning and hard work。Nobody can really be sure if risks will be met with success，no matter how calculated they may be。But this should not stop you from taking risks as risks are necessary if you want your business to succeed，some risks may not work out，but an optimistic risk taker will always look at failure as an opportunity to learn。The willingness to experiment with new ideas is key to business growth。As the old saying goes，nothing ventured，nothing gained。Failure will teach you how to think and plan strategically，but just remember that not all risks are good ones。And when you fail，learn from it and move forward。Since most people tend to avoid risk，businesses that are brave enough to take risks，already have a competitive advantage。They are the ones setting the standard with new ideas，fresh offers and bold inventions。Risk takers are best at adapting in difficult times，simply put when most individuals stay away from risk。It means less competition for risk takers。We don't know if you'll achieve what these risk takers have achieved。But for as long as you want to stay safe， for as long as you are content with where your business is right now，you will never find out。

　　00:21:57 说话者2:

　　questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard。Question 22。What do entrepreneurs have to do when taking risks according to the passage？Question 23。What does the passage say is key to business growth？Question 24。What are we advised to do when we fail？Question 25。What does it mean to risk taking businesses when most people tend to avoid risk？

　　00:23:28 说话者1:

　　That's the end of listening comprehension。

　　00:23:31 说话者2:

　　听力考试结束，请考生暂停作答。

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